If you have ever heard the word ‘Sabra’ in a conversation about Israel or Israelis, you may wonder what it really means. In reality, the term carries significant cultural baggage that goes beyond its casual usage, and is deeply rooted in the identity of Israeli-born Jews.
Origin of the term
‘Sabra’ is used to refer to Jews born in Israel, and its origin is related to a plant that is very common in the country: the cactus known as Opuntia ficus-indica, whose fruit is also called “sabra” in Hebrew. This fruit, which grows in an arid and challenging environment, has a hard and thorny outer skin, but its interior is soft and sweet. This metaphor is used to describe the character of native-born Israelis.
A metaphor for the Israeli character
Sabras are compared to this fruit because of their supposedly ‘hard’ exterior. They are often perceived as rough, direct and, in some cases, aggressive. However, this rough exterior contrasts with their inner nature, which is typically described as warm and gentle. In other words, although Sabra Israelis may appear harsh and intimidating at first, when you get to know them better, you discover their compassionate and caring nature.
The importance of the term in Israeli identity
The term ‘sabra’ has historical and social significance in Israel’s national identity. It was widely used in the first half of the 20th century, especially at the time of the founding of the State of Israel in 1948. It represents the image of the ‘new Jew’, different from those who immigrated to Israel from Europe or other parts of the world. While diaspora Jews frequently saw themselves as more dependent on communal structures and diplomacy, the Sabras were seen as independent, resilient and with a strong connection to the land of Israel.
In addition, the concept of ‘sabra’ also helped build a sense of unity and national pride among Jews born in Israel. In the early decades of the state, many sabras served in the army and government, and the term came to symbolise courage, self-confidence, and adaptability in the face of adversity.
‘Sabra’ today
Today, the word ‘sabra’ is still used with affection and pride by Israelis. Although younger generations may not be as familiar with its historical origins, the term still evokes a sense of identity and belonging. Israeli culture has evolved, but the idea of ‘sabra’, with its combination of toughness and warmth, remains a powerful metaphor to describe the spirit of the Israeli people.
In short, ‘sabra’ is not just a word to describe a fruit, but has a deep significance in Israel’s cultural identity. It represents the duality of the Israeli character: hard on the outside, but soft and sweet on the inside. So, the next time you hear someone being called ‘sabra’, you will know that it is a term of endearment and respect that encapsulates centuries of history and tradition.
